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Transport Engineering

What is it?

Transport engineering is the application of technology and  scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation and  management of facilities for any mode of transportation in order to  provide for the safe, efficient, rapid, comfortable, convenient,  economical, and environmentally compatible movement of people and goods.
Working with our professional partners we deliver:
  • Parking studies, strategies and policies.
  • Sustainable transport studies.
  • Intelligent Transport Systems planning.
  • Staff surveys and questionnaires.
  • Travel  Plans. A Travel Plan aims to reduce dependence on the car by promoting  more sustainable alternatives. Based on the preliminary data provided by  the Transportation Assessment, the Travel Plan includes measures to  encourage use of local public transport, pedestrian and cycling  facilities.
  • Feasibility studies.
  • Development control advice and guidance.
This is further explained in the following:

Transportation engineering or transport engineering is the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation and management of  facilities for any mode of transportation in order to provide for the  safe, efficient, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and  environmentally compatible movement of people and goods (transport). It is a sub-discipline of civil engineering. The importance of transportation engineering within the civil  engineering profession can be judged by the number of divisions in ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) that are directly related to  transportation. There are six such divisions (Aerospace; Air  Transportation; Highway; Pipeline; Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean;  and Urban Transportation) representing one-third of the total 18  technical divisions within the ASCE (1987).
The planning aspects of transportation engineering relate to elements of urban planning,  and involve technical forecasting decisions and political factors.  Technical forecasting of passenger travel usually involves an urban  transportation planning model, requiring the estimation of trip generation (how many trips for what purpose), trip distribution (destination choice, where is the traveler going), mode choice (what mode is being taken), and route assignment (which streets or routes are being used). More sophisticated  forecasting can include other aspects of traveler decisions, including  auto ownership, trip chaining (the decision to link individual trips  together in a tour) and the choice of residential or business location  (known as land use forecasting).  Passenger trips are the focus of transportation engineering because  they often represent the peak of demand on any transportation system.
A review of descriptions of the scope of various committees indicates  that while facility planning and design continue to be the core of the  transportation engineering field, such areas as operations planning,  logistics, network analysis, financing, and policy analysis are also  important to civil engineers, particularly to those working in highway  and urban transportation. The National Council of Examiners for  Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) list online the safety protocols,  geometric design requirements, and signal timing.
Transportation engineering, as practiced by civil engineers,  primarily involves planning, design, construction, maintenance, and  operation of transportation facilities. The facilities support air,  highway, railroad, pipeline, water, and even space transportation. The design aspects of transportation engineering include the sizing of  transportation facilities (how many lanes or how much capacity the  facility has), determining the materials and thickness used in pavement designing the geometry (vertical and horizontal alignment) of the roadway (or track).
Before any planning occurs the Engineer must take what is known as an  inventory of the area or if it is appropriate, the previous system in  place. This inventory or database must include information on  (1)population, (2)land use, (3)economic activity, (4)transportation  facilities and services, (5)travel patterns and volumes, (6)laws and  ordinances, (7)regional financial resources, (8)community values and  expectations. These inventories help the engineer create business models  to complete accurate forecasts of the future conditions of the system.
Operations and management involve traffic engineering, so that vehicles move smoothly on the road or track. Older techniques include signs, signals, markings, and tolling. Newer technologies involve intelligent transportation systems, including advanced traveler information systems (such as variable message signs), advanced traffic control systems (such as ramp meters), and vehicle infrastructure integration. Human factors are an aspect of transportation engineering, particularly concerning  driver-vehicle interface and user interface of road signs, signals, and  markings.

 

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "Transportation Engineering", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0


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